PROCEEDINGS VOLUME OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1958

PP. 183-190. PL. 23 SEPTEMBER 1959

MEMORIAL TO JOHN L. RICH

(1884-1956)

By Walter H. Bucher*

John L. Rich's work played an important part in directing geological thinking into new lines by applying geomorphological knowledge to problems of the petroleum industry and of structural geology, especially in photogeology, which he helped to create and which he was one of the first to teach. The story of his development is an instructive example of how external chance, when met by a prepared and able mind, directs the innate drive of a creative imagination into new paths.

John L. Rich was born on December 1, 1884, in the little town of Hobart on the northwestern slope of the Catskills, in upper New York State. He had his early training in a typical rural one-room school. There, as he liked to put it, the teacher had no time to kill a child's natural curiosity, a child's most precious endowment; and a quick-witted child was not held back by his roommates but could spend most of the school hours studying on his own, learning how to teach himself. At the age of sixteen he won a scholarship at Cornell University through state examinations, in competition with the graduates from large city schools.

Some of the many books in his home gave definite direction to his young mind. Three of these deserve special mention. Milne's Practical Arithmetic (1878) accompanied him through life. He used to point out that its 391 pages contained more "meat" than is found in the "advanced" school books of today. One of the books he treasured came originally from the library of his great-grandmother. It bore no author's name, but made up for it by a formidable, longwinded title, the essence of which was Popular Philosophy, or the Book of Nature laid open. It is evident that young people in John's boyhood had not found out yet that education might train them to resent mental effort. The book which he often said had opened his eyes to the world at large was Samuel Bowles' A Stage Ride over the Plains to the Rocky Mountains, The Mormons, and the Pacific States in the Summer of 1865.

His father introduced the boy to the flowers of the meadows and woods around him, implanting the love of botanical lore that was to John an abiding source of pleasure. He watched his father facing up to the problems that arose when Town Brook-which his father kept stocked in those days- shifted its channel; or when the mill ponds silted up. His father had the Atlas of Delaware County, made by Jay Gould when he was a young boy in that area, and told him that Gould used a bicycle wheel, pushed by hand, to measure distance. This little detail aroused the boy's interest in surveying, which stood him in good stead.

John showed the stuff he was made of when, at a church bazaar, he won an itinerant glassblower's masterpiece, a delicate sailing vessel complete with sails and ropes. He swapped it on the spot for the magnifying glass of another boy, exchanging a toy for a tool. When John entered Cornell University he thought of becoming a chemist. But the smells of the laboratory were distasteful, and he came under the influence of Ralph S. Tarr and Gilbert D. Harris, two young, inspired teachers whose fervent love for geology easily passed into John's receptive soul. I have never known a man more completely devoted, heart and soul, to geology in all its aspects.

At Cornell, this able boy was soon given the precious chance to learn by teaching. After graduating in 1906, he rose from Assistant to Instructor in Geology. In these years (1906- 1911) he was introduced to two diametrically opposed parts of this continent. In 1906 he accompanied Professor Tarr on an expedition to Alaska. There he saw the West for the first time and, above all, his first glaciers and the morphological results of glacial erosion in magnificent display. With Professor Harris he spent summers in Louisiana, acquiring skill in plane tabling and first-hand acquaintance with the problems of stratigraphy, biologic and sedimentary, under the guidance of the kindly, thorough master.

In 1911, he took his Ph.D. and in the same year joined the University of Illinois where he taught from 1911 to 1918 as Instructor and, in the last year, as Associate.

John had published his first paper in 1906, the year of his graduation. To make possible a quick appraisal of the range of contributions that followed in fifty years of creative work, his bibliography is here divided into major headings (some subdivided). In each unit the items are given in time sequence, but are numbered consecutively for quick reference by numbers given in parentheses. The order in which the units are given is that of the decades in which the first outstanding paper in each appeared in print. In this form, the bibliography makes it easy to locate any reference.

The most significant papers in each unit are marked with an asterisk. The first of these, on the properties of ice, is an early example of John's urge to follow a problem through to its roots. The geomorphology of glaciated regions fascinated him as a student (1) and eventually led to a comprehensive bulletin on the glacial geology of the Catskills (7). But not satisfied with description, and aided by Tarr, he undertook at the University of Illinois experimental studies on ice, decades ahead of other geologists (3).

During his teaching years at the University of Illinois he gained field experience in summer jobs with the U. S. Geological Survey and the State Surveys of New York and Illinois. The regional work on the Illinois Geological Survey introduced him to the challenging problems of the still new field of petroleum geology which was to occupy a central position in his life. During the course of his regional work, first in Illinois (25, 26, 27), and then with subsequent employers after leaving the University of Illinois in 1918, he kept an eye on oil developments, especially those in the shallow fields of eastern Kansas. While seeking (and finding) gas around Iola, Kansas, he realized that the disconnected, linear sand bodies must have been bars and channels on the shallow Pennsylvanian sea floor and that differential settling within the thick shale series within which they lie had produced the faint structures now exposed at the surface. This led to his papers on "shoestring sands" (28, 29) which are outstanding examples of creative thinking, applying knowledge of one field (geomorphology) to understanding in another (petroleum geology).

Eager to put these new ideas to the practical test and sure that he could support himself while doing so, in 1921 he established himself in eastern Kansas and for the next ten years worked as an independent geologist there. He did his field mapping without a rodman. He guyed up surveying rods at strategic points and, driving or walking around them, plane tabled the structure revealed by thin but persistent limestones, using a two-foot interval. When the resulting maps showed promise of buried sand bodies, they were submitted to companies or individuals seeking production in eastern Kansas. In these ten years he had a ratio of one strike for every three wildcats; his definition of a wildcat was a test at least three miles from the nearest production. Since most of these sand bodies are less than a quarter of a mile wide and irregularly curved, this was a remarkable record. Hence, he had no difficulty in placing his "opportunities" profitably. To one who did not know John, it must have seemed strange that, with the fame of his skill spreading, he did not turn to more richly endowed regions, where far greater financial rewards beckoned. But with John the intellectual interest in the "shoestring sands," not financial gain, remained the prime driving force.

John was also one of the first to develop a hydraulic theory of oil migration and accumulation and to support it by geologic evidence (37,38, 39). The mathematical-physical attack on this problem began years later. It seems to vindicate the essentials of his views which met with widespread opposition when first published.

In the spring of 1929 John's health broke. He had overstrained his physical powers and suffered a nervous breakdown after a severe attack of influenza. Forbidden to read and write for more than six months, he took up photography in earnest and soon acquired a mastery of methods and tools which stood him in good stead for pleasure and for geologic profit the rest of his life.

After he had regained his strength, he accepted an invitation from Professor N. M. Fenneman to an assistant professorship at the University of Cincinnati in 1931. There he taught structural and economic geology and developed a keen interest in the folded Appalachians. Out of many excursions into that region came his paper on the mechanics of low angle overthrust faulting as illustrated by the Cumberland thrust block (57). After several unforgettable days with him in the Cumberland thrust area, studying its peculiarities and searching for an explanation, the writer witnessed John's excitement and elation as he laid before him the result of his close analytical reasoning. He used a sheaf of writing paper to illustrate the mechanism he proposed for bedding-plane movement which passes from a lower to a higher horizon at shallow depth (Fig. 6, p. 1590, in item 57). This paper (57) is a classic of structural geology and represents a major breakthrough in the study of "folded mountains."

This study led John independently to recognize the surficial character of much of orogenic deformation at a time when similar ideas were slowly finding recognition in Europe. Like his European colleagues, he looked to surface gliding on a tilted surface to account for orogenic folding. But he placed the zone of movement deeper, calling on locally developed "magma blisters" to furnish both slope and a level of low viscosity to promote gliding. He waited some twenty years before publishing this carefully documented paper (59).

The association with Professor Fenneman heightened John's always live interest in the regional aspects of geomorphology. In contrast to Professor Fenneman and ahead of most of his colleagues in that field, he quickly realized the importance of the airplane for regional studies. He was one of the first to introduce aerial geology into the geological curriculum and soon was a recognized master in the interpretation of aerial photographs.

He quickly adapted his photographic skill to the taking of oblique aerial pictures. In 1939 he published a remarkable series of oblique photos, obtained by him on several commercial flights taken for the purpose, which constitute a bird's-eye cross section of the central Appalachian Mountains and plateau from Washington to Cincinnati (68).

In the same year, having a year's leave of absence from the University (the only one feasible during his 25 years in Cincinnati), he took the chance to see South America from the air soon after the first commercial air route around that continent "was established. He financed the trip himself, but had the support of the American Geographical Society which provided letters of introduction and helped secure the all-important permissions to photograph from the countries concerned. Had he waited longer, he might well never have received the freedom with his camera he obtained. The face of South America - an aerial traverse," (71) was the fruit of this trip. One critic wrote of him: "He photographs with passion and writes without charm." John loved this comment. All his life John was as much interested in the human angle of geography as in its physical side. The face of South America owes its profound appeal to this comprehensive vision. By the way, he personally made the 325 superb prints in that book from his 35 mm Leica negatives, using his skill in controlling the exposure to bring out the best in each picture- no mean feat!

An observation, made quite by chance, led to a major contribution in the field of sedimentation. In 1948, finding himself stranded in Aberystwyth, Wales, by the "Bank Holiday" which made travel without previous reservations inadvisable, John gave the local geology closer attention than he would have otherwise. On the slope of the mile-long, 300-foot-high Constitution Hill, hundreds of interbedded Silurian siltstones and shales lie exposed, dipping into the hill in such a way as to expose their undersides. Always alert to recognize patterns in topography or structure, John realized at once that the flutings and current marks which cover the undersides of the siltstones run parallel throughout the exposed sequence of beds. He knew this was a significant discovery.

Back in the United States John turned to the sandstones and siltstones of the Mississippian Waverly series which exhibit the same features abundantly - here, however, hidden from view because of the low dip. He soon could prove, here also, far-reaching parallelism throughout the series (Abstract, Geol. Soc. Amer., Bull., vol. 61, Pt. III, p. 1496). In 1950, John published his paper on flow markings, groovings . . . as criteria for recognition of slope deposits (79), followed in 1951 by one on Three critical environments of deposition (80). Here were facts of fundamental importance, on which Kuenen was soon to shed unexpected light.

Space does not permit more than a mere listing of some of the special services John rendered in scientific and educational fields:

1918-1919 In charge of the map section of the Army War College in Washington, D. C. (with the rank of Captain)

1926-1928 Editor of the Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists

1927-1929 Member of the Business Committee, A.A.P.G.

1936-1938 Member of the Research Committee, A.A.P.G.

1941-1955 Served as Head of the Department of Geology, at the University of Cincinnati, until his death

1941-1945 He organized, under the war emergency, a geology-geography course for the Air Force students stationed at the University of Cincinnati; together with Bergsmark and Linehan, prepared a manual for the Army training programs at the University (90); helped in training teachers (recruited from such diverse fields as Engineering, Romance Languages, Fine Arts) for these courses; and worked half through many a night making the three complete sets of lantern slides needed for the courses as it was impossible to obtain them commercially in time for class use

1943 A first tour as A.A.P.G. distinguished lecturer

1945 Traveled in China as technical consultant to the Petroleum Administration for War, studying Chinese lecturer oil and gas fields with the American War Production Mission

1950 Spent the summer with headquarters in Germany in the interests of the Air Force Intelligence

1952 Was appointed to the Natural Resources Commission of the State of Ohio, on which he served until the time of his death

1954-1955 A second tour as A.A.P.G. distinguished lecturer

In 1953 John was made an Honorary Member of Sigma Gamma Epsilon and in April 1954 was chosen Honorary Member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, honors he prized highly. In 1955 he became Professor Emeritus according to the rules of the University of Cincinnati. Grateful alumni of the Department created the John L. Rich Testimonial Fund, set up for special additions to the Department Library.

In May 1956, at the start of a meeting of the Ohio Natural Resources Commission in Lake Hope State Park in Hocking County, he was stricken with a heart attack and died four days later, on May 21, 1956, in the hospital at Logan, Ohio.

As a teacher, John was at his best with graduate students on whom he made the same demands he made on himself: shun no effort; permit no slipshod thinking or careless writing or drafting; above all, think for yourself; never follow blindly a textbook or teacher. Those who followed his lead revere his memory.

As a man, John stood out before those who knew him as an example of the strength that sprang from the harsher social heritage of our national past. Above all, he lived his life on his own terms, without deference to shifting customs. He had an aversion to smoking and could never quite comprehend people's desire for alcoholic drinks. He never preached, but he did not hide his distaste. This kept him from convivial circles during scientific meetings and was largely responsible for the reputation he had of being hard to know. Those who, like the writer, understood his outlook and came close to him found him warmhearted, full of youthful enthusiasm and an artist's sensitivity to beauty in nature.

He stood firmly for the old-fashioned self reliance in the face of the popular cry for help from Washington. He believed in self discipline and hard work and saw with dismay neglect of both in home and schools. Even the National Science Foundation seemed to him a peril to the free development of universities (92).

John hated cities and all show. Above all, he was innately and inflexibly honest with himself as well as with others. As a man, John will long be remembered for the shining example of the integrity and strength of his character and his buoyant zest in the study of nature.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF JOHN LYON RICH

I. Geomorphology

A. Glacial morphology and glaciology

1. (1906) Local glaciation in the Catskill Mountains. Journal of Geology, volume 14, pages 113-121

2. (1908) Marginal glacial drainage features in the Finger Lake region, (N. Y.). Journal of Geology, volume 16, pages 527-548

*3. (1912) (With Tarr, R. S.) The properties of ice; experimental studies. Zeitschrift Gletscherkunde, volume 6, pages 225- 249

4. (1914) Divergent ice flow on the plateau northeast of the Catskill Mountains as revealed by ice-molded topography. Bulletin Geological Society of America, volume 25, pages 68 ·70

5. (1915) Notes on the physiography and glacial geology of the Northern Catskill Mountains. American Journal of Science, 4th Series, volume 39, pages 137-166

6. (1917) The glacial phenomena of the Catskill Mountains. New York State Museum Bulletin 196, pages 32-39

*7. (1935) Glacial geology of the Catskills. New York State Museum Bulletin 299, Dec. 1934, 180 pages, 2 plates (Geol. maps), 79 figs. (incl. sketch map)

8. (1943) Buried stagnant ice as a normal product of a progressively retreating glacier in a hilly region. American Journal of Science, volume 241, pages 95-100

B. Principles and regional

9. (1910) The physiography of the Bishop conglomerate, southwestern Wyoming. Journal of Geology, volume 18, pages 601-632

10. (1911) Gravel as a resistant rock. Journal of Geology, volume 19, pages 492-506

11. (1911) Recent stream trenching in the semiarid portion of southwestern New Mexico, a result of removal of vegetation cover. American Journal of Science 4th series, volume 32, pages 237- 245

*12. (1914) Certain types of stream valleys and their meaning. Journal of Geology, volume 22, pages 469-497

13. (1915) (and Filmer, E. A.) The interglacial gorges of Six Mile Creek at Ithaca, N. Y. Journal of Geology, volume 23, pages 59-80

14. (1917) The physiography of the lower Amazon valley as evidence bearing on the coral reef problem. Science, new series, volume 45, pages 589-590

15. (1917) Cultural features and the physiographic cycle: Geographical Review, volume 4, pages 297-308

16. (1918) Geologic dates in physiographic descriptions. Science, volume 47, pages 43-44

17. (1918) An old erosion surface in Idaho: is it Eocene? Economic Geology, volume 13, pages 120-136

18. (1934) Soil mottlings and mounds in northeastern Texas as seen from the air. Journal of Geography, Volume 24, pages 576-583, 9 figures (including sketch map)

19. (1935) Origin and evolution of rock fans and pediments. Geological Society of America Bulletin, volume 46, pages 999- 1024, 11 figures

20. (1936) Discussion of "Physiographic development of the Front Range," by F. M. Van Tuyl and T. S. Lovering. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 46, pages 2046-2051

21. (1938) Recognition and significance of multiple erosion surfaces. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 49, pages 1695- 1722

22. (1942) Structure and Physiography of the Western Andes. Proceedings Eighth American Scientific Congress, Washington, 1941, volume IV, pages 391-392

23. (1951) Geomorphology as a tool for the interpretation of geology and earth history. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Series II, volume 13, pages 188- 192

24. (1953) Problems in Brazilian Geology and Morphology Suggested by Reconnaissance in Summer of 1951. (Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras, Boletum 146, number 9, 80 pages. Sao Paulo, 1953.)

II. Petroleum Geology

A. Regional.

25. (1915) The Allendale oil field (Ill). Illinois Geological Survey Bulletin 31, pages 57-68

26. (1916) Oil and gas in the Birds quadrangle. Illinois Geological Survey Bulletin 33, pages 105-145

27. (1916) Oil and gas in the Vincennes quadrangle. Illinois Geological Survey Bulletin 33, pages 147-175

*28. (1923) Shoestring sands of eastern Kansas. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 7, pages 103-113

*29 (1926) Further observations on shoestring oil pools of eastern Kansas. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 10, pages 568-580

30. (1928) Geology of Glenn Pool, Oklahoma (discussion). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 12, pages 213- 215

31. (1928) (discussion) The Saline Basin of north-central Kansas by John S. Barwick. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 12, pages 194-197

*32. (1933) Distribution of oil pools in Kansas in relation to pre-Mississippian structure and areal geology (with discussion by Edson, Fanny c., Howell, J. V., and Folger, Anthony). American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 17, pages 793-815, 2 figures (sketch maps)

33. (1938) Application of principle of differential settling to tracing of lenticular sand bodies. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 22, pages 823-833

34. (1941) Physiography and structure of the Western Andes, with notes on the oil fields of the Mendoza District of Argentina and of Northern Peru. Tulsa Geological Society Digest, volume IX, pages 60-61

35. (1945) Oil possibilities of South America in the light of regional geology. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 29, pages 495-563

36. (1945) Posibilidades Petroliferas de la America del Sur. Petroleo, Ano XI, Numero 6, paginas 16-19, Diciembre

B. Generation, migration, and accumulation of oil.

*37. (1921) Moving underground water as a primary cause of the migration and accumulation of oil and gas. Economic Geology, volume 16, pages 347-371

38. (1923) Further notes on the hydraulic theory of oil migration and accumulation. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 7, pages 213- 225

*39. (1927) Generation of oil by geologic distillation during mountain building. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, volume 11, pages 1139-1149

40. (1929) (discussion) Is geologic distillation of petroleum possible? by Wm. L. Russell. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 13, pages 83-84

41. (1929) The origin and mode of formation of petroleum and its migration and accumulation. Reservoirs of oil and gas. Status of oil in reservoir rocks. pp. 12-22 of book entitled "Function of natural gas in the production of oil" U. S. Bureau of Mines and American Petroleum Institute. (This incorporates some material contributed by another.)

*42. (1931) Function of carrier beds in long distance migration of oil (with discussion by James H. Gardner). American Association of Petroleum Geologists, James H. Gardner). American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 15, pages 911-924, 2 figures.

43. (1931) Source and date of accumulation of oil in Granite Ridge pools of Kansas and Oklahoma (with discussion by James H. Gardner, W. B. Wilson and the author). American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 15, pages 1431-1452, 3 figures.

44. (1932) Carrier beds and oil accumulation. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 16, pages 263-266, 1 figure

45. (1934) Problems of the origin, migration and accumulation of oil. Problems of petroleum geology (Sidney Powers memorial volume), pages 337-345, American Association of Petroleum Geologists

46. (1935) Application of physiography and sedimentation to problems in petroleum geology. The Compass, volume 15, number 3, pp. 163-164, March

47. (1938) Shoreline and lenticular sands as factors in oil accumulation. Science of Petroleum, pages 230-239, Oxford University Press. (This is a chapter from a large 3-volume treatise of international authorship.)

48. (1948) Submarine sedimentary features on Bahama Banks and their bearing on distribution patterns of lenticular oil sands. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 32, pages 767-779, 10 figures

C. Recovery of oil by mining

49. (1925) Possibilities of petroleum recovery by mining. Engineering and Mining Journal-Press, pages 3-8, June 6

50. (1927) Proposed method of oil recovery by combined mining and flooding. Petroleum Development and Techniques in 1926, Petroleum Division American Institute of Mining Engineers, pages 353-358

51. (1927) Oil recovery by mine drainage. Transactions Canadian Institute Mining and Metallurgy, volume 30, pages 1-24

52. (1937) Mining for oil. Mines Magazine, volume 27, pages 23-27, 52, May II I. Structural Geology A. Principles and regional

53 (1915) The setting of the recent Italian earthquake. Review of Revievvs, volume 51, pages 318-320

54. (1921) A probable buried mountain range of early Permian age east of the present Rocky Mountains in New Mexico and Colorado. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 5, pages 605-608

55. (1930) Circular structural depressions in central Kansas. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 41, pages 315-320

56. (1933) Physiography and structure at Cumberland Gap. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 44, pages 1219-1236,8 figures

*57. (1934) Mechanics of low-angle overthrust faulting as illustrated by Cumberland thrust block, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 18, pages 1584-1596, 9 figures

58. (1935) Fault-block nature of Kansas structures suggested by elimination of regional dip. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 19, pages 1540-1543, 3 figures (maps)

*59. (1951) Origin of compressional mountains and associated phenomena. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 62, pages 1179-1222 B. Methods (including field methods)

60. (1917) A graphical method of determining the average inclination of a land surface from a con tour map. Illinois Academy of Science Transactions, volume 9, pages 195-199

61. (1921) A convenient loose-leaf system for field maps and notes. Economic Geology, volume 16, pages 479-481

62. (1927) Geologic notes (editorial). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 11, pages 1008-1010

63. (1932) Simple graphical method for determining true dip from two components and for constructing contoured structural maps from dip observations. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 16, pages 92-94, 2 figures

64. (1934) Corrections for temperature in barometric surveying. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 18, pages 133-138

65. (1935) Graphical method for eliminating regional dip. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 19, pages 1538-1540, 1 figure (map)

66. (1936) Graphic method for determining true dip from two) components. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 20, page 1496

IV. Geology From the Air (Traverses and methods)

67. (1928) Jointing in limestone as seen from the air. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 12, pages 861-862

*68. (1939) A birds-eye cross-section of the Central Appalachian mountains and plateau. Washington to Cincinnati: Geographical Review, volume XXIX, pages 561-586

69. (1941) The aerial traverse: An application of aerial photography to geographic studies. Ohio Journal of Science, volume XLI, pages 212-224

70. (1941) The nitrate district of Tarapaca, Chile. An aerial traverse. Geographical Review, volume XXXI, pages 1-22

*71. (1942) The face of South America- An aerial traverse. American Geographical Society, New York (Special Publication, No. 26), 299 pages

72. (1942) Military geology from the Air. Science, volume 95, number 2474, pages 543-545

73. (1947) Geological applications of oblique photography. Photogrammetric Engineering, volume XIII (Photogrammetry in Geology Issue), pages 565-570

74. (1947) Reconnaissance mapping from oblique aerial photographs without ground control. Photogrammetric Engineering, volume XIII, pages 600-609

75. (1947) A method of preparing stereoscopic aerial photographs for reproduction in quantity. Photogrammetric Engineering, volume XIII, pages 619-621

V. Sedimentation and Stratigraphy

76. (1914) The occurrence of unusually large boulders in gravel deposits (New Mexico). American Journal of Science, Series 4, volume 38, pages 441-445

77. (1921) The stratigraphy of eastern New Mexico - a correction. American Journal of Science, 5th Series, volume 2, pages 295-298

78. (1933) Angular coal fragments as evidence of a long time break in Pennsylvanian sedimentation in eastern Kansas. Geological Society of America Bulletin, volume 44, pages 865-870, 4 figures

*79. (1950) Flow markings, groovings, and intrastratal crumplings as criteria for recognition of slope deposits, with illustrations from Silurian rocks of Wales. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, volume 34, pages 717-741

*80. (1951) Three critical environments of deposition, and criteria for recognition of rocks deposited in each of them. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, volume 62, pages 1-20

81. (1951) Probable Fondo origin of Marcellus-Ohio-New Albany Chattanooga bituminous shales. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, volume 35, pages 2017- 2040

82. (1955) Three critical environments of deposition and their paleogeographic implications. Tulsa Geological Society Digest, volume 23, pages 126- 136

VI. Miscellaneous

83. (1910) (With Harder, E. C.) The Iron Age iron-ore deposit near Dale, San Bernardino County, California. U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 430, pages 228-239

84. (1914) A peculiar behavior of cumulus clouds over Illinois River Valley. Science, New Series, volume XL, pages 851- 852

85. (1915) Notes on the human geography of an oil field. Journal of Geography, volume 13, pages 185-190

86. (1916) Petrography (of the pre-Cambrian rocks of Luna County, New Mexico). U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 618, pages 21-23

87. (1917) (Petrographic descriptions of igneous rocks of the Deming quadrangle, New Mexico). U. S. Geological Survey, Atlas Deming folio number 207, pages 7-8

88. (1917) An instance of the changing value of geographical location. Journal of Geography, volume 15, pages 185-188

89. (1942) Physiographic setting of the nitrate deposits of Tarapaca, Chile: Its bearing on the problem of origin and concentration. Economic Geology, volume 37, pages 188- 214

90. (1944) (with Daniel R. Bergsmark and Urban J. Linehan) "GEOGRAPHY, A manual for the army training programs at University of Cincinnati," 263 pages

91. (1945) Memorial to Nevin M. Fenneman. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, volume XXXV pages 181-189

92. (1948) National Science Foundation-A peril to American universities. Science, volume 107, number 2785, pages 505-506

93. (1948) Goals and trends of research in geology and geography. Science, volume 107, number 2788, pages 581-584

NOTE: Ten reviews and seventeen abstracts not covered by later papers have been omitted from this list.

****************************************************************************************

*The writer owes special thanks to Mrs. John L. Rich, who gave him most of the information on John's early years, development, and outlook on life. She also read the manuscript critically and made valuable suggestions.

****************************************************************************************